WHO IS INVOLVED?

Personal perspective on planning and who actually gets involved or engaged in a planning process,and implementation through  direct or indirect participation. I am in favor of considering the direct and indirect participation of stakeholders in any kinds of planning process. The reason is that  the creation of a specific planning will be successfully achieved when there is an efficient contribution through a direct participation of stakeholders. Participation of stakeholders can be in form of written recommendation or they can play a direct role as implementers of a specific plan. let us consider an example for  a plan of a physical development such as building a bridge through a community area. The policy makers who are responsible for the implementation of this project should consider the level of community involvement in also other parties who would be directly and indirectly affected by the presence of the bridge if they want the project to be successfully implemented. when  doing so, the policy-maker should consider a number of facets such as intensive community and third parties consultation prior to the implementation of the project as this will give more hits to the police makers of what the perspective  of community and third parties. This will also provide important to the community and related stakeholders on  reason and importance of building a bridge in their area. By doing so, the two- communication will take place.However, based on my point of view that the community consultation and related  stakeholders consultation should not only stop after the completion of the project, but should also be done continuously even after physical  completion  of a project is completely done. The reason is that this will maintain  a strong and continuous coordination among  community, stakeholders and policymakers for long-term.. to conclude, the level of coordination among community,interested stakeholders and policy makers (government of any level)  need to be promote in the planning proccess.

A SUSTAINABLE AUSTRALIA

In order to achieve  a sustainable Australia,the government of Australia has developed  four  (4) important planning tools such as national urban planning policy,population strategy, regional strategy and local and territory strategic  plans.there is an interrelated connection among these planning tools and These planning tools have been set to assist in each level of Australian government to achieve a better economics, social, and environmental  development in Australia as a whole. As we all know that  the federal government of Australia is divided into three significant levels of government authorities  and these levels are: National, territory and local or regional level. Each level is given specific boundary of  administrative responsibility.The national urban policy is a set of national-level policy that is used by the federal government of Australia that  aims at achieving a sustainable Australia by setting up a sustainable population strategy which intended to create a liveable and sustainable Australian community in the future. Moreover, in order to create a sustainable Australia community, the government through related and more responsible governmental body has  to consider what type of condition need to support the achievement for a sustainable community. Therefore, a National urban policy that looks closely to cities development has also been developed. the reason of developing  a liveable city is because there is an interdependency  between a sustainable community and city itself. Here, a better city which put more consideration on economic, social and environment aspect such as amenity, and recreational needs can eventually shape a sustainable community. In addition to national urban policy, a regional policy agenda is also set up. The regional policy agenda seeks to improve the development in regional level within Australia. In this regards, a clear  strategic regional plan is created within each regional such as Regional plan for Sydney (2010-2015)The regional plan for Sydney developed to look specifically to the economic, social and environment within the context of Sydney. in order to make sure that regional plan meet the national standard, a council of Australia government has been formed to give clear orientation and direction. this Council develops a number of planning objective  and criteria for present and future strategic plan. The lecture also covered planning for local level like ACT. Within the ACT level, a number of  strategic plan has been developed such as territory plan,Canberra spatial plan,national capital plan,master plan ans also neighborhood plan.In conclusion, the sustainable Australia can only be achieved if a good consideration is put on economic, social and environmental needs among different areas within Australia..